# T - V

### T – V

#### T

**Testnet**\
A blockchain environment used for testing purposes, where no real assets are involved. Commonly used for simulations, protocol QA (Quality Assurance), and developer experimentation.\
(See [Testnet Documentation](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance-testnet/) for details.)

**Thematic**\
A category or grouping of assets based on a shared concept, such as AI, DeFi, or RWA (Real-World Assets). Often used in sector indices.\
(See [Sector Index](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/structured-index-products/product-framework/sector-index) for details.)

**Token Standard**\
The specification that defines how tokens behave on a blockchain (e.g., ERC-20 on Ethereum). Ensures compatibility and composability across protocols.

**Tokenized Blue-Chip Stocks**\
Shares of major companies that have been tokenized and made tradable on blockchain platforms.\
(See [TTA Relative Indices](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/structured-index-products/product-framework/sector-index/tta-related-indices) for details.)

**Tokenized Commodities**\
Physical commodities such as gold or oil represented by blockchain-based tokens.\
(See [TTA Relative Indices](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/structured-index-products/product-framework/sector-index/tta-related-indices) for details.)

**Tokenized Government and Corporate Bonds**\
Fixed-income instruments (government or corporate bonds) represented as digital tokens. Used to replicate traditional fixed income exposure in tokenized form.\
(See [TTA Relative Indices](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/structured-index-products/product-framework/sector-index/tta-related-indices) for details.)

**Tokenized Securities**\
A general category for any real-world asset represented digitally onchain, including equities, bonds, and structured products.\
(See [TTA Relative Indices](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/structured-index-products/product-framework/sector-index/tta-related-indices) for details.)

**Total Supply**\
The maximum number of tokens that can ever exist for a given asset. Used in calculating market capitalization and scarcity metrics.

**TradFi (Traditional Finance)**\
The legacy financial system, including banks, ETFs, and regulated funds.

**Trading Volume**\
The total amount of an asset traded over a given time period. A key liquidity and eligibility metric.

**Tri-Linear**\
A numerical interpolation method, sometimes used in simulations or modeling asset correlations.

**TTA (Tokenized TradFi Asset)**\
A digital representation of a traditional financial asset (*TradFi asset*) issued and traded on blockchain infrastructure.\
(See [TTA Relative Indices](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/structured-index-products/product-framework/sector-index/tta-related-indices) for details.)

* Examples include **tokenized equities, bonds, commodities, or funds**.
* TTAs bridge traditional finance with decentralized finance by making regulated instruments programmable, divisible, and transferable onchain.
* They are often included in RWA (Real-World Asset) indices to replicate traditional exposures in digital form.

**TWAP (Time-Weighted Average Price)**\
A trade execution strategy that splits a large order into smaller parts executed evenly over a set period. Helps reduce market impact and achieve fairer average pricing. Widely used in traditional finance by institutional investors.\
(See [TWAP/VWAP Smoothing](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/fund-mechanics/oracle-smoothing/twap-vwap-smoothing) for details.)

***

#### U

**USDC-Native**\
Describes a protocol or product that uses USDC (a regulated U.S. dollar stablecoin) as its base currency for deposits, NAV (Net Asset Value), and redemptions.

**Underlying Asset**\
The real token or instrument that underpins the value of an index token. Its price directly impacts NAV.

**Utility Token**\
A token that grants access to features, governance, or services in a protocol.

***

#### V

**VWAP (Volume-Weighted Average Price)**\
A trading execution method that weights each transaction price by its corresponding trade volume. Helps institutions achieve better execution by comparing against or tracking the daily VWAP. Widely used in traditional finance for large orders.\
(See [TWAP/VWAP Smoothing](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/fund-mechanics/oracle-smoothing/twap-vwap-smoothing) for details.)

**VaR (Value at Risk)**\
A risk metric estimating the maximum potential loss of an asset or portfolio over a defined period, at a given confidence level (e.g., 95%).\
(See [Analytics Calculation](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/risk-management-framework/quantitative-risk/analytics-calculation) for the formula.)

**Vesting Curves**\
The rules or shapes of a token release schedule, which can be linear, cliff-based, or custom.

**Vesting Period**\
The total duration during which allocated tokens are gradually released to their recipients.\
(See [Emission Model](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/core-architecture/token-architecture/emission-model) for details.)

**Volatility**\
A statistical measure of the dispersion of returns for an asset, often expressed as standard deviation. Higher volatility indicates greater price fluctuations and risk.\
(See [Analytics Calculation](https://oltafinance.gitbook.io/oltafinance/risk-management-framework/quantitative-risk/analytics-calculation) for the formula.)

**Volatility Spikes**\
Sudden and significant increases in asset price fluctuations, often caused by market stress or news events.
